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Tend-R-Leen®
Tech Report
Volume
11 Number 71 October
2003
Vaccination
Update
A thorough vaccination program is a critical factor
in the success and profitability of any cattle operation.
Make sure that your vaccination program is complete
and has your feedlot covered for all major disease threats.
Contact your veterinarian about any other
vaccinations that may be crucial in your area.
Vaccination
Advantages
·
A Texas A&M University study concluded that, compared to
sick/treated calves, healthy quality vaccinated calves
posted advantages of:
o 14%
more Choice carcasses
o $17
efficiency in cost of gain/head
o $23
savings in medicine cost/head
o $117
greater profitability/head.
Arrival
Vaccination Schedule - Unweaned Calves
|
When
|
Vaccine
|
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On
arrival
|
TSV-2 (Intranasal)
Fast protection for IBR/PI3 and other non-specific
respiratory diseases.
|
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1-3
days post-arrival (minimum 7 days of age)
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Bovishield
4 (IBR, BVD, PI3, BRSV)
|
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28-35
days
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Bovishield 4
Fortress 7 (Clostridial)
One Shot (Pasteurella vaccine)
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45-52
days
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Fortress 7
Dectomax Dewormer
|
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4-5
months
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Bovishield 4 (or Resvac4/Somubac)
Fortress 7 (or Ultrabac 7/Somubac)
A booster of Somubac is required 2 weeks later
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Management tips for young
calves
·
Get calves off to a healthy start to achieve optimum weaning
weights.
·
Prime
the immune system so the calf responds better to vaccines
given closer to or at weaning.
·
Help
prevent clostridial diseases like blackleg that sometimes
strike the healthiest, fastest-growing calves.
·
Help
prevent viral respiratory diseases, as well as pneumonia
caused by Pasteurella haemolytica.
·
Remove
and control internal parasites
·
Reduce stress from flies; prevent hide damage from grubs.
·
Castration and dehorning are less stressful when done early rather
than at weaning.
·
Keep
good records to more effectively market your calves down the
road.
Arrival
Vaccination Schedule - 200-500 Pound Calves
|
When
|
Vaccine
|
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Day
1
|
TSV-2
(Intranasal)
Fast protection for IBR/PI3 and other non-specific
respiratory diseases.
|
|
Days
2-3
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Bovishield 4 (IBR, BVD, PI3, BRSV)
One Shot (Pasteurella vaccine)
Fortress 7 (Clostridial)
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Days
14-21
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Bovishield 4 (booster)
Fortress 7 (booster)
Dectomax Dewormer
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Management tips for
arrival/feeder calves:
·
Purchase calves or feeders that have been in a health program
designed to minimize stress and prevent respiratory disease
·
Follow
the "3 R's" of receiving: rest, rehydration and
rumen restoration
o Wait
12-24 hours before processing cattle, especially long-haul
cattle
o Give
cattle fresh, clean water
o Management
of feed quantity and quality is essential to success.
·
Rate
the potential disease risk for arriving calves to determine
how they should be handled and what their health program
should be. Take into consideration their age, duration of
travel, weather, source, vaccination history and physical
appearance upon arrival.
·
Risk-rating
scale:
o Category
1 "Healthy" = minimal stress, held 4-6 weeks prior
to shipping
o Category
2 "Intermediates" = stressed by shipping or other
previous management practices
o Category
3 "High Risk" = calves less than 600 lb that have
been purchased through a sale barn or order buyer
o Category
4 "High Risk Naïve" = freshly weaned calves
coming directly from farm or ranch
·
Keep
holding pens clean and dry
-
Select the right products by choosing only federally licensed
products backed by full company support
2.
Don’t combine vaccines - use only approved combinations
-
Read the label and follow these instructions:
dosage, timing, route of administration,
warnings, storage, withdrawal period, disposal, shelf
life, and indications
-
Use transfer needles to fully reconstitute products
- Don’t mix too much. Mix
enough vaccine for only on hour or less to obtain
maximum effectiveness and don’t save leftover vaccine
for later use
- Shake large, multi-dose vaccine bottles from time to time so
contents don’t settle
- Use different syringes for modified-live vaccines and killed
vaccines
- Don’t use disinfectants with MLV, use only hot water for cleaning
modified-live vaccine syringes
- Pump the syringe gently to release air and bring vaccine to needle
tip
- Gather and restrain animals properly
- Select the best route: subcutaneous (SC) = under the skin is the
preferred route whenever possible.
Products labeled IM (in the muscle) or SC should
be given SC.
- Keep all injections ahead of the shoulder, with the neck being the
preferred site.
- Choose the right needle. SC:
use 16 or 18 gauge, ½” to ¾” long
IM: use
16 or 18 gauge, 1” to 1 1’2” long
-
Use proper injection technique
-
Sanitation is essential
o
Don’t go back into the vaccine bottle with the same needle you
use to vaccinate
o
Change needles frequently (at least every 10 to 15 uses)
o
Discard damaged needles
o
Use disposable needles
o
Avoid dirty or wet injections sites
o
Clean transfer needles regularly with hot water
o
Disinfect needle between injections when using killed vaccine
An
up-to-date vaccination program probably will not eliminate
all disease in your cattle, but it will greatly reduce the
incidence and severity of illness and the economic losses
to due to disease. Remember
to contact your local veterinarian before starting a
vaccination program.
Vaccine
handling information from Pfizer Animal Health.
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