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Stage 1
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Birth to 3 days old
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Colostrum
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3 days to 38 days
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Tend-R-Leen® milk replacer
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25 pounds
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Free choice Tend-R-Leen®
calf starter
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50 pounds
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Both heifer and bull calves can be raised
together until 2 months of age
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Stage 2
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39 days to 120 days old
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Tend-R-Leen® Grower Formula:
2 lbs./hd/day
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180 pounds
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Free choice dry whole shell corn
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At 120 days the steer will weigh approximately
350 lbs.
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Stage 3
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120 days to finish
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Tend-R-Leen® Ultra Finisher
1 1/2 lbs./hd/day
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457 pounds
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Free choice dry whole shell corn
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Free choice trace mineral salt
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Stage 1
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Birth to 3 days old
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Colostrum
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3 days to 38 days
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Tend-R-Leen® milk replacer
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25 pounds
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Free choice Tend-R-Leen®
calf starter
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50 pounds
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Both heifer and bull calves can be raised
together until 2 months of age
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Stage 2
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39 days to 120 days old
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Tend-R-Leen® Grower Formula:
2 lbs./hd/day
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180 pounds
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Free choice dry whole shell corn
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At 120 days the steer will weigh approximately
350 lbs.
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Stage 3
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120 days to finish
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Tend-R-Leen® Ultra Finisher
1 1/2 lbs./hd/day
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457 pounds
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Free choice dry whole shell corn
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Free choice trace mineral salt
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Stage 1
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Birth to 3 days old
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Colostrum
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3 days to 38 days
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Tend-R-Leen® milk replacer
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25 pounds
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|
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Free choice Tend-R-Leen®
calf starter
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50 pounds
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|
|
Both heifer and bull calves can be raised
together until 2 months of age
|
|
|
Stage 2
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39 days to 120 days old
|
Tend-R-Leen® Grower Formula:
2 lbs./hd/day
|
180 pounds
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|
Free choice dry whole shell corn
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|
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At 120 days the steer will weigh approximately
350 lbs.
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Stage 3
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120 days to finish
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Tend-R-Leen® Ultra Finisher
1 1/2 lbs./hd/day
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457 pounds
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Free choice dry whole shell corn
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Free choice trace mineral salt
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Consider
composting as a viable disposal option |
| Although we
do our best to keep animals alive and healthy, dead
animals are a fact of life on farms and feedlots.
Disposing of the carcasses is an unpleasant but
necessary task. As an option to on farm burial
or calling a rendering service, more producers are
looking at on farm composting.
Why
Consider Composting?
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In the event of
agro-terrorism or a naturally-occurring disease
outbreak local rendering capacity could be
temporarily overwhelmed, as was the case in Great
Britain during the foot-and-mouth epidemic in
2001.
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With
consolidation of the rendering industry, haul
distances have increased, making transportation
more expensive and potentially in short supply in
the event of a widespread livestock disease
emergency.
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During an
outbreak of a highly contagious livestock disease,
off-farm disposal of diseased carcasses could
increase the risks of disease transmission.
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USDA rules
(implemented in January, 2004) that prohibit
marketing of non-ambulatory cattle will increase
the number of animals that must be disposed of
through rendering or on-farm disposal.
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Burying many
large animals requires high-capacity earthmoving
equipment not found on most farms, and during at
least 25% of the year frozen soils make burial in
Iowa very difficult.
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In different
areas of the country, shallow groundwater,
exposed bedrock, or other environmentally
sensitive situations may make large-scale burial
undesirable.
Although
composting is unlikely to replace rendering or burial
for emergency disposal of cattle, it is a flexible
disposal option that can help to overcome the problems
outlined above. Specifically:
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Composting
facilitates rapid on-farm containment of
carcass odor and pathogens, and elevated
temperatures produced during composting help to
destroy pathogens;
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Most dairy and
beef cattle farms have the equipment and materials
necessary for composting;
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Unlike burial,
frozen soils and seasonal high water tables do not
seriously impede composting; and
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Carcass
composting followed by land application of the
compost poses less pollution risk to shallow
groundwater than burial.
For
more information about composting, click
here to visit Iowa State's composting information.
Source:
Iowa State University, College of Agriculture and
Biosystems Engineering |
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Check
out our quarterly newsletter, the Tend-R-Leen
Tech Report, for current market, health, and feeding information.
Still
looking for more information? Check out these links:
Iowa Beef Center
VetLife Technical Info
Mycattle.com-Health
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